The Cardiovascular System has three main components. The HEART and BLOOD VESSEL and BLOOD itself. It carry blood Oxygen and Nutrients to organs and tissues of the body, carried waste and CO2 from tissue for removed from body.
BLOOD SUPPLY:
Inferior Vena cava --> Blood (CO2) comes from Stomach and Legs.
Superior Vena cava --> Blood (CO2) comes from Brain and Lungs.
Vagus Nerve --> (10th Nerve) Blood Supply Heart to Brain.
Sinoatrial Node ( SA Node) --> Conduction of the Heart.
Aorta --> Blood enter in to the brain through Aorta.
LOCATION AND STRUCTURE OF THE HEART :
The heart is a muscle about the size of a fist and is roughly cone shaped.
1. It is located in between the two lungs. Its lies left of the middle of the chest.
2. It is about 12cm long , 9cm across the broadest point and about 6cm thick.
3. Heart color is Gray.
4. Heart weight in Male 310grams and Female heart weigh is 250grams.
5. Heart Normal Pulse rate is 62 to 72 beats per minute.
LAYERS :
Heart have three layers and it protects heart.
1. Peri cardium -- Heart outer cover fluid (outer layer)
2. Myo cardium -- Outer muscle of the heart (middle layer)
3. Endo cardium -- Thin layer of tissue heart that lines the heart chambers (Inner layers)
STRUCTURE :
FUNCTIONS :
1. Stimulation of the Heart system - SA Node.
2. To carry CO2 and O2 Blood.
3. It is delivered oxygen and Nutrients to the body.
4. It is removal waste products from tissue.
5. Heart open sound is Lub and Heart close Sound is Dub.
CIRCULATION OF BLOOD :
BLOOD SUPPLY:
Inferior Vena cava --> Blood (CO2) comes from Stomach and Legs.
Superior Vena cava --> Blood (CO2) comes from Brain and Lungs.
Vagus Nerve --> (10th Nerve) Blood Supply Heart to Brain.
Sinoatrial Node ( SA Node) --> Conduction of the Heart.
Aorta --> Blood enter in to the brain through Aorta.
LOCATION AND STRUCTURE OF THE HEART :
The heart is a muscle about the size of a fist and is roughly cone shaped.
1. It is located in between the two lungs. Its lies left of the middle of the chest.
2. It is about 12cm long , 9cm across the broadest point and about 6cm thick.
3. Heart color is Gray.
4. Heart weight in Male 310grams and Female heart weigh is 250grams.
5. Heart Normal Pulse rate is 62 to 72 beats per minute.
LAYERS :
Heart have three layers and it protects heart.
1. Peri cardium -- Heart outer cover fluid (outer layer)
2. Myo cardium -- Outer muscle of the heart (middle layer)
3. Endo cardium -- Thin layer of tissue heart that lines the heart chambers (Inner layers)
STRUCTURE :
- Heart is composed of two sides and four chambers, Right and Left Atrium, Left and Right Ventrical
- Heart have valve on two sides, left side Bicuspid valve and right side Tricuspid valve.
- It is composed four pulmonary, Right and left pulmonary artery and Right and left pulmonary vein.
FUNCTIONS :
1. Stimulation of the Heart system - SA Node.
2. To carry CO2 and O2 Blood.
3. It is delivered oxygen and Nutrients to the body.
4. It is removal waste products from tissue.
5. Heart open sound is Lub and Heart close Sound is Dub.
CIRCULATION OF BLOOD :
First Stage --> Carry the CO2 Inferior and Superior vena cava to the right Atrium and Ventricle. In that time Tricuspid valve opened.
Second Stage --> Tricuspid valve closed. The Righ Ventrical is responsible for pumping deoxygenated blood to the lungs and CO2 blood converted O2 blood.
Third Stage --> After Purification, O2 blood enter in the heart by Pulmonary vein and filling the O2 blood on left Atrium. Bicuspid valve opened O2 blood enter into Left Ventricle.
Fourth Stage --> The bicuspid closed. The Ventricle pumping the O2 blood to the left Ventricle. The cycle repeat itself thousand of times per day.
Function of the Heart is CONTRACTION and RELAXATION.
DISEASES :
Congenital Diseases --> Birth Diseases.
Acquired Diseases --> After Birth Diseases.
Blood Pressure ( 120/80 mm hg )
Hyper tension --> More than normal range.
Hypo tension --> Lower than normal range.
Pulse Rate ( Normal 62 to 72 )
Brady Cardia --> Lower than Normal (example 52 pulse rate)
Tachy Cardia --> Higher than Normal (example 95 pulse rate)
Cardio Vascular Disease --> It is leading causes of death in adult men and women coronary artery diseases.
Coronary Artery Diseases --> Also known on Ischemic Heart Diseases. It refers to problems with the circulation of blood to the heart muscles.
Cerebro Vascular Disease --> Disease if blood vessels that supply blood to the brain, such as stroke.
Peripheral Arterial Disease --> Disease of blood vessels that supply blood to arms and legs.
Hyper tensive Heart Disease --> Disease of the heart secondary to high blood pressure.
Myocardial Infarction --> Cell death of muscles.
Stenosis --> Narrowing of Tricuspid or Bicuspid or Arota.
Heart Attack --> Heart Shock - Completely stopping heart function.
Atrical Septum Diseases(ASD) & Ventrical Septum Diseases(VSD) --> It will change children lips and other body parts colour blue.
Rheumatic Heart Disease --> Heart muscles and valves damages due to Rheumatic fever caused by bacterial infection.
CONCLUSION :
You can help reduce your chance of acute myocardial infarction by eating foods low in LDL cholesterol and reducing your fat intake. Exercise several times a week to improve your cardio vascular health. However speak with a doctor prior to going on any exercise plan. If you smoke, consider quitting. It can improve your heart health and lungs health as well.
DIETARY MANAGEMENT :
· Reduce intake of LDL cholesterol foods.
· Exercise Regularly.
· Eat Healthy Foods.
· Take yellow colors fruits.
· Take green leafs Vegetables.
· Avoid junk foods.
· Avoid Four type of white enemies - Sugar/Milk/Salt/Egg.